import time, random, inspect
def timer(m, f, times=1):
    r = range(int(times))
    a = len(inspect.getargspec(f).args)
    t0 = time.time()
    if times == 1: f()
    elif a:
        for i in r:
            f(i)
    else:
        for i in r:
            f()
    print("%s%.3f"%(m, time.time() - t0))

a = []
timer("array / list:\n1m inserts: ", lambda i: a.append(i), 1e6)
timer("another 5m inserts: ", lambda i: a.append(i), 5e6)
timer("functional (i**2) 4m-array generation: ", lambda: [i**2 for i in range(4000000)])
def test(i):
    a[i] = i
timer("6m assigns: ", test, 6e6)
timer("6m gets: ", lambda i: a[i], 6e6)
a = a[:2000000]
timer("for 2m-array:\nrandom shuffle: ", lambda: random.shuffle(a))
timer("sort by results of (i % 1000): ", lambda: sorted(a, key=lambda i: i % 1000))
timer("find all elements satisfy (i % 1000 == 0): ", lambda: list(filter(lambda i: i % 1000 == 0, a)))
timer("simple sort: ", lambda: a.sort())


h = {}
def test(i):
    h[i] = i**2
timer("hash / dict:\n2m assigns: ", test, 2e6)
timer("2m gets: ", lambda i: h[i], 2e6)
def test():
    for i in range(-1000000, 1000000):
        h.get(i)
timer("1m gets +1m failgets: ", test)

s, ss = "yoba", ""
timer("eval expression 100k times: ", lambda: eval('s + ss'), 1e5)

timer("1m string products: ", lambda: s*100, 1e6)
def test():
    s, ss = "yoba", ""
    for i in range(1000000):
        ss += s
timer("1m concatenations: ", test)
ss = "yoba"*1000000
timer("1m slices (range): ", lambda i: ss[i : i+4], 1e6)

class A(object):
    def test(self, i):
        self.x = i
a = A()
timer("10m times set instance variable: ", a.test, 1e7)
timer("10m times get instance variable: ", lambda: a.x, 1e7)

def yoba(n=0):
    try: return yoba(n+1)
    except: return n
print("recursive calls:\nstack len: %d"%yoba())
def test(n=0):
    while n < 5000000:
        n = yoba(n)
timer("recurse until totally 5m recursions done: ", test)